Medicare Eligibility: Are You Eligible, and When?
Medicare eligibility comes down to your age, your work history, and in some cases a disability or medical condition. This guide covers who qualifies, when, and how to check your own status.
Talk to an AdvocateWho qualifies at 65
Most people become eligible for Medicare at 65 if they are a U.S. citizen, or a lawful permanent resident who has lived in the country for at least 5 years in a row. You qualify whether or not you are still working. Whether you pay a premium for Part A depends on your work history, but anyone eligible can get Part B by paying the monthly premium.
Work history and premium-free Part A
If you or your spouse paid Medicare taxes for at least 10 years (40 quarters of work), you get premium-free Part A. If you have fewer than 40 quarters, you can still enroll in Part A by paying a monthly premium. Part B always has a premium, regardless of work history.
Eligibility before 65
You can qualify for Medicare before 65 in three situations, each with its own timing:
- Disability (SSDI): After you have received Social Security Disability Insurance for 24 months, Medicare starts automatically.
- ALS: If you have amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease), Medicare begins the month your SSDI benefits start, with no 24-month wait.
- End-stage renal disease (ESRD): Permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a transplant can qualify you, usually a few months after dialysis begins.
Are you enrolled automatically?
If you are already receiving Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits when you turn 65, you are enrolled in Parts A and B automatically, and your card arrives about 3 months before your birthday. If you are not yet collecting those benefits, enrollment is not automatic, and you must sign up yourself during your Initial Enrollment Period.
How to check your eligibility and status
The fastest way to confirm your eligibility and work credits is a free my Social Security account at ssa.gov. You can also call Social Security at 1-800-772-1213, or Medicare at 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227). A licensed advocate can confirm your dates and walk you through your options at no cost.
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